> ## Documentation Index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://docs.convertly.sh/llms.txt
> Use this file to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Watermarks

> Overlay stored or remote watermark images with scale, rotation, tiling, blend modes, and anchor positions.

Watermarks composite a second raster on top of the transformed image — useful for brand marks, copyright notices, and preview protection. Pass a stored file ID or a public HTTPS image URL as `watermark` (alias `mark`).

<Frame caption="Bottom-right mark — `?watermark={fileId}&markW=160&markOpacity=0.72`.">
  <img src="https://cdn.convertly.sh/cvly/o/convertly-site/docs/cdn-transforms/examples/watermark.webp?v=docs-20260717&format=auto&q=auto:eco" alt="Image with a bottom-right watermark" className="w-full rounded-xl" />
</Frame>

<Frame caption="Top-left anchor — `?markPosition=top-left&markW=140`.">
  <img src="https://cdn.convertly.sh/cvly/o/convertly-site/docs/cdn-transforms/examples/watermark-top-left.webp?v=docs-20260717&format=auto&q=auto:eco" alt="Watermark anchored top-left" className="w-full rounded-xl" />
</Frame>

<Frame caption="Subtle bottom-center — `?markScale=22&markOpacity=0.4`.">
  <img src="https://cdn.convertly.sh/cvly/o/convertly-site/docs/cdn-transforms/examples/watermark-subtle.webp?v=docs-20260717&format=auto&q=auto:eco" alt="Subtle centered watermark" className="w-full rounded-xl" />
</Frame>

<Frame caption="Rotated center mark — `?markRot=45&markW=180`.">
  <img src="https://cdn.convertly.sh/cvly/o/convertly-site/docs/cdn-transforms/examples/watermark-rotated.webp?v=docs-20260717&format=auto&q=auto:eco" alt="Rotated watermark at center" className="w-full rounded-xl" />
</Frame>

<Frame caption="Tiled grid — `?markScale=18&markRot=30&markTile=grid&markGap=64`.">
  <img src="https://cdn.convertly.sh/cvly/o/convertly-site/docs/cdn-transforms/examples/watermark-tile.webp?v=docs-20260717&format=auto&q=auto:eco" alt="Image with a tiled rotated watermark grid" className="w-full rounded-xl" />
</Frame>

<Frame caption="Multiply blend — `?markBlend=multiply&markScale=28`.">
  <img src="https://cdn.convertly.sh/cvly/o/convertly-site/docs/cdn-transforms/examples/watermark-blend-multiply.webp?v=docs-20260717&format=auto&q=auto:eco" alt="Watermark with multiply blend mode" className="w-full rounded-xl" />
</Frame>

## Parameters

| Param                                  | Value                                                                                            | Default        |
| -------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | -------------- |
| `watermark` (`mark`)                   | Stored file ID **or** public HTTPS raster URL.                                                   | —              |
| `markW`                                | Watermark width in pixels. Defaults to \~18% of final image width.                               | auto           |
| `markScale` (`mark-scale`)             | Scale watermark to a percentage of base image width (`0`–`100`). Overrides default width.        | auto           |
| `markRot` (`mark-rot`)                 | Rotate watermark counter-clockwise (`0`–`359`).                                                  | `0`            |
| `markTile` (`mark-tile`)               | Tile across the image. Valid value: `grid`.                                                      | single mark    |
| `markOpacity` (`watermarkOpacity`)     | Opacity (`0.05`–`1`) for single marks and tiled grids.                                           | `0.78`         |
| `markPosition`                         | `top-left`, `top-center`, `top-right`, `center`, `bottom-left`, `bottom-center`, `bottom-right`. | `bottom-right` |
| `markPad`                              | Margin from the image edge in pixels.                                                            | `24`           |
| `markGap` (`mark-gap`, `watermarkGap`) | Horizontal and vertical spacing between marks in a tiled grid (`0`–`1000` pixels).               | `48`           |
| `markBlend`                            | Compositing mode: `over`, `multiply`, `screen`, `overlay`, `darken`, `lighten`, etc.             | `over`         |

```
?w=1200&watermark=<stored-file-id>&markW=160&markOpacity=0.72&markPosition=bottom-right&markPad=28
?w=900&watermark=<stored-file-id>&markScale=18&markRot=30&markTile=grid&markGap=64&markOpacity=0.35
?w=1200&watermark=<stored-file-id>&markBlend=multiply&markScale=28&markPosition=center
```

Remote watermark URLs must resolve to a public address (SSRF-safe). SVG and non-image responses are rejected. Convertly ignores missing or invalid watermark references instead of failing the whole render.

For alpha masks (clip the base image to a shape), see [Canvas, trim & masks](/docs/image-cdn/transforms/canvas-masks).